Revive growth momentum - [사설 읽기] 성장 동력을 되살려라

https://www.koreatimes.co.kr/www/nation/2022/12/761_340937.html?utm_source=CU 

Revive growth momentum

 

Economic outlook much gloomier next year
내년 경제전망 더 암울해

 

revive = invigorate = rev up = reborn = bring to life = revitalize = vitalize 활성화시키다, 활기를 불어 넣다

growth momentum 성장 탄력, 성장추진력, 성장 가속도, 성장 동력

growth engine = growth drive 성장 동력

economic outlook 경제 전망

outlook = prospect = forecast = view = landscape = future 전망, 장래

gloomy = bleak = grim = dreary = dull = dim = glum = dusky = murky = dark = dismal = hopeless = shady = black = cloudy

우울한, 따분한, 어두운, 깜깜한, 흐릇한, 음울안, 음침한, 시무룩한, 침울한

 

The country's economic outlook for next year is bleaker. Last week, the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) revised down its 2023 growth projection for South Korea to 1.8 percent from its previous forecast of 2.2 percent. The figure is much lower than this year's expected growth rate of 2.7 percent.
내년 경제 전망은 어둡다. 지난주 경제협력개발기구(OECD)는 한국의 2023년 경제성장률 전망치를 기존 2.2%에서 1.8%로 하향 조정했다. 이는 올해 예상 성장률인 2.7%보다 훨씬 낮은 수치다.

 

bleak = gloomy = grim = dreary = dull = dim = glum = dusky = murky = dark = dismal = hopeless = shady = black = cloudy

우울한, 따분한, 어두운, 깜깜한, 흐릇한, 음울안, 음침한, 시무룩한, 침울한

organization = institute = group = syndicate = instrument = committee = commumity = union = league = commission = agency = organ = apparatus = establishment = institution = apparat 기관, 기구, 협의체, 위원회, 협회, 공동협의체

Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) 경제협력개발기구

revise = modify = amend = change = alter 수정하다, 변경하다

growth projection = growth prospect = growth forecast 성장 전망치

revise down = adjust down 하향 조정하다

revise up = adjust upward 상향 조정하다

expected growth rate 예상 성장률

the rate of growth 성장률

 

There is no doubt that Korea, Asia's fourth-largest economy, is losing its growth momentum at an alarming rate. A fear of stagflation, a simultaneous phenomenon of stagnation and inflation, is likely to become a reality amid soaring prices, higher interest rates and the global economic slump.
아시아 4위 경제대국인 한국이 놀라운 속도로 성장 동력을 잃어가고 있다는 데는 의심의 여지가 없다. 경기침체(stagnation)와 물가상승(inflation)이 동시에 일어나는 현상인 스태그플레이션(stagflation)에 대한 공포는 치솟는 물가와 높은 금리, 글로벌 경기침체 속에서 현실이 될 가능성이 높다.

 

there is no doubt that = it goes without saying that = it is a matter of course that = it is needless to say that  ~라는 것은 의심의 여지가 없다, ~은 말할 필요도 없다, ~은 당연하다

it could not be clearer that ~이상 더 분명할 수 없다

lose growth momentum 성장 추진력을 잃다

at an alarming rate 빠르게, 놀라운 속도로, 급속도로

fear = apprehension = anxiety = unrest = uneasiness = misgiving = worry  불안, 걱정, 염려

stagflation 스태그플레이션 (경기 불황 중에도 물가는 계속 오르는 현상)

inflation 인플레이션, 물가상승, 통화팽창, (공기나 가스로)부풀리기

deflation 디플레이션, 물가하락, 통화수축, (무엇에서)공기를 뺌

simultaneous = concurrent = synchronous 동시의, 동시에 발생하는

simultaneous phenomenon = coincidence = concurrence = synchronicity 동시현상, 동시발생, 동시성

become a reality = materialize = realize = take shape = come true = come to a realization 실현되다, 현실이 되다

soaring = skyrocketing = mounting = surging = an uprush of = a gush of 치솟는, 급증하는

interest rate = standard interest rate = benchmark interest rate = base interest rate = repo rate = base rate 기준금리

global economic slump 글로벌 경기 침체

economic slump = economic recession = economic depression = economic downturn = economic stagnation = economic doldrums = economic slowdwon = economic setback 경기 침체, 경기불황, 경기둔화

 

It is discouraging that the OECD lowered Korea's outlook while the Paris-based club of rich countries left its global growth projection for next year unchanged at 2.2 percent. This shows that the export-oriented Korean economy is more vulnerable to negative factors such as global monetary tightening and higher prices of oil and other natural resources.
파리에 본부를 둔 부유한 국가들의 기구인 OECD가 한국의 경제성장률 전망치를 하향 조정하면서도 내년 세계의 경제성장률 전망치는 2.2%로 유지시킨 점은 실망스럽다. 이는 수출 중심의 한국 경제가 글로벌 통화 긴축, 유가 및 기타 천연자원 가격 상승과 같은 부정적인 요인에 더 취약하다는 것을 보여준다.

 

discouraging = unfavorable = frustrating = unpleasant = disheartening = disagreeable = unsatisfactory = uncomfortable 실망스러운, 낙담시키는

lower = reduce = diminish = lessen = bring down = revise down = decrease 낮추다, 내리다

unchanged = unaltered = consistent = changeless = constant 변함없는, 바뀌지 않은

export-oriented 수출지향적인

export-reliant 수출 의존도가 높은

export-led 수출 주도형의

vulnerable = weak = susceptible = feeble = fragile = frail = delicate 취약한, 허약한, 다치기쉬운, 부러지기 쉬운, 영향을 받기 쉬운

monetary tightening 통화긴축, 재정긴축, 금융긴축

natural resource 천연자원

 

The Korean economy is also bearing the brunt of the prolonged Russian war with Ukraine, the escalating great power competition between the U.S. and China and America's growing trade protectionism. China's slower growth is also one of the biggest challenges Korea faces. Domestically, brewing political conflicts between the ruling and opposition camps are weighing the economy down.
러시아의 우크라이나 전쟁 장기화, 미·중 강대국 경쟁 심화, 미국의 보호무역주의 확대 등으로 우리 경제가 직격탄을 맞고 있다. 중국의 저성장 또한 한국이 직면한 가장 큰 도전 중 하나이다. 국내적으로는 여야 간 정치적 갈등이 고조되면서 경제가 위축되고 있다.

 

bear the brunt of ~의 가장큰 타격을 받다, ~의 주된 공격을 정면으로 맞다

prolonged = protracted = long-drawn-out = long-drawn = drawn-out = dragging = protractive = persistent = lingering 오래끄는, 장기화된, 질질끄는, 끈질긴

escalate = intensify = compound = precipitate = inflame = heighten = deteriorate = exacerbate = aggravate = worsen = deepen = get worse 고조시키다, 악화되다

great power competition  강대국 경쟁

hegemony = supremacy = ascendancy 패권, 헤게모니

hegemonic rivalry 패권경쟁

growing = mounting = brewing = increasing = rising = evolving 커지는, 증가하는

trade protectionism 보호무역주의

domestically 국내적으로, 국내문제에 관해서

political conflict 정치적 갈등

conflict = confrontation = collision = friction = feud = strife = row = discord = dissension = altercation = squabble = bickering = quarrel = fight = disharnomy 충돌, 대립, 마찰, 갈등, 불화

camp = party = body = bloc = squad = group = syndicate 집단, 단체, 연맹

weigh ~에 영향을 주다, ~에 작용하다,(결정을 내리기 전에) 따져보다, 저울질하다, 무게가 ~이다

weigh down = burden ~을 짓누르다, ~에 부담을 지우다, ~을 내리누르다

weigh up 가늠하다, 따져보다, 저울질 하다

weigh out 무게를 달다, 무게를 달아서 덜어내다

 

Most of all, falling exports are dealing a severe blow to the economy. The country's overseas shipments shrank 16.7 percent year-on-year in the first 20 days of November. The drop was led by chip exports which plunged by nearly 30 percent. This is a cause for concern because the semiconductor industry accounts for 20 percent of the country's exports. Other export items such as steel, ships and mobile devices also suffered setbacks. Making matters worse, shipments to China, Korea's largest trading partner, nosedived by 28 percent.
무엇보다 수출 감소가 경제에 큰 타격을 주고 있다. 11월 1~20일 한국의 해외 출하량은 전년 동기 대비 16.7% 감소했다. 이런 감소는 거의 30%까지 급감한 반도체 칩 수출에 의해 주도되었다. 반도체 산업이 우리나라 수출의 20%를 차지하기 때문에 우려할 만하다. 철강, 선박, 모바일 기기 등 기타 수출 품목도 차질을 빚었다. 설상가상으로 한국의 최대 교역국인 중국으로의 수출은 28% 급감했다.

 

deal a severe blow to ~에 심각한 타격을 주다

overseas shipments 해외출하량

year-on-year = compared to the previous year = from the preceding year = over the last year 전년대비

from the same period last year 전년 동기 대비, 작년 같은 시기에 비해

chip = semiconductor 반도체, 반도체칩

plunge = nosedive = plummet = decrease rapidly = tumble = crash dwon = collapse 폭락하다, 급락하다, 붕괴하다

a cause for ~의 이유, ~의 원인

account for = occupy = take up = constitute = make up 차지하다

suffer setbacks 차질을 겪다, 차질을 빚다, 차질에 시달리다

sustain = suffer (피해 등을) 입다, 당하다, 겪다

make matters worse = what is more worrisome = what is worse = add insult to injury = rub salt into the wound = twist the kife in the wound = misfortunes never comes singly = to top it all = to cap it all = even worse 설상가상으로, 더 염려스러운건

 

The country's exports are on an eight-month downward march. Its trade deficit is predicted to snowball to $40 billion this year, the largest since the country was hit by the 2008 global financial crisis. Even worse, exports are forecast to decline 3.1 percent next year with the trade shortfall showing no signs of decreasing.
한국의 수출은 8개월 연속 하락세를 보이고 있다. 올해 무역적자는 2008년 글로벌 금융위기 이후 최대 규모인 400억 달러에 달할 것으로 예상된다. 설상가상으로 내년 수출은 3.1% 감소할 것으로 전망되며 무역 적자는 줄어들 기미가 보이지 않는다.

 

downward march = downward trajectory = downturn = downtrend = downward trend 하락세, 하락궤도, 하락추세

trade deficit 무역 적자

trade surplus 무역수지 흑자

deficit = shortfall = loss = minus = red figure = negative figure 적자, 결손

surplus = gain = black figure = positive figure

be in the red 적자이다

be in the black 흑자이다

snawball (문제 등이)눈덩이 처럼 커지다, 눈 뭉치, 눈덩이

be ht by ~로 타격을 받다

global financial crisis 글로벌 금융 위기

even worse = to make matters worse = what is more worrisome = to add insult to injury = to rub salt into the wound = misfortunes never come singly = to twist[turn] the knife in the woudn = to top it all = to cap it call = what is worse 설상가상으로, 더 염려스러운건

forecast = predict = expect = project = conjecture = estimate = surmise = guess = assume = anticipate = reckon = presume = presuppose 예상하다, 추정하다

shortfall = deficit 부족분, 부족량

fall short of = fail to reach  ~에 미치지 못하다, ~이 부족하다

show no sign of = show little sign of ~의 기미가 안보이다, ~의 기미가 보이지 않다

 

The country cannot revive its economy without increasing exports. That's why President Yoon Suk-yeol presided over a conference to work out a new export strategy last Wednesday. The government and businesses should work together to beef up export industries by boosting their productivity and competitiveness. Companies need to take the lead in their technology prowess and product quality to dominate the global markets. It is also imperative for the country to diversify its export markets to reduce its excessive reliance on China.
수출 증가 없이는 경제를 살릴 수 없다. 윤석열 대통령이 지난주 수요일 새로운 수출전략을 짜기 위한 회의를 주재한 것도 이 때문이다. 정부와 기업이 힘을 모아 생산성과 경쟁력을 높여 수출산업을 육성해야 한다. 기업은 세계 시장을 지배하기 위해 기술력과 제품 품질을 선도할 필요가 있다. 중국에 대한 과도한 의존도를 줄이기 위해 수출시장을 다변화하는 것도 시급하다.

 

revive = recover = recuperate = resuscitate = rehabilitate = reinstate = regain = restore = resume = revitalize  회복하다, 되찾다

preside over ~을 주재하다

conference = meeting = talks 협의회, 회의, 미팅

work out = come up with = devise = think up = invent = look for = seek for = find 강구하다, 생각해내다, 찾아내다

export strategy 수출 전략

work together = join forces with = team up with = cooperate with = collaborate with = hold hands with = be in cahoots with = work hand in glove 협력하다, 함께 일하다, 힘을 모으다

beef up = strengthen = reinforce = enhance = cement = consolidate = solidify = ramp up = amp up = stiffen 강화시키다, 단단히 하다

boost = promote = encourage = incentivize = stimulate 장려하다, 촉진시키다

productivity 생산성

competitiveness = competitive edge = competitive power 경쟁력

take the lead = take the helm = spearhead = take the control seat = lead = be the spearhead 선두에 서다

prowess = faculty = ability = capability = competence = caliber = skill 기량, 능력

product quality 제품 품질

dominate = gain supremacy = have hegemony = take the lead = be dominant 지배하다, 군림하다, 가장 두드러지다, 가장 크다, 가장 높다

imperative = vital = essential = necessary = integral 반드시 해야하는, 긴요한, 위엄있는

diversify = variagate = branch out 다양화하다

excessive = undue = over-the-top = immoderate 과도한, 지나친

reliance on = dependence on ~에 대한 의존도, 의존성

 

It is equally important for the National Assembly to enact laws such as a special semiconductor industry development bill in order to provide more support for exporters. Structural reforms are imperative to stave off looming economic woes. It is also urgent to speed up deregulation, encourage innovation and promote entrepreneurship to revive growth momentum.
국회가 수출기업에 대한 지원을 강화하기 위해 반도체특별법과 같은 법률을 제정하는 것도 마찬가지로 중요하다. 다가오는 경제위기를 막기 위해서는 구조개혁이 시급하다. 성장 동력을 되살리기 위해 규제완화 속도를 높이고 혁신을 장려하며 기업가정신을 고취하는 것 또한 시급하다.

 

equally = evenly = impartially = identically = likewise = alike = in the same manner 동등하게, 대등하게, 마찬가지로

enact a law = legislate = establish a law = legalize 법을 제정하다, 법제화하다, 합법화하

support = shore up = prop up = back up = advocate = countenance = endorse = bear out = ally = side with 지지하다

structural reform 구조개혁, 구조적개혁

stave off = spare = dodge = evade = avoid = duck down = sidestep = elude 피하다, 면하다, 모면하다

looming = emerging = surfacing = growing = brewing = rising 떠오르는, 나타나는

woe = worry = concern = fear = apprehension = misgiving = anxiety = unease = unrest 우려, 염려, 걱정, 불안

urgent = pressing = imminent = desperate 시급한, 긴급한, 절박한

speed up = pick up speed = accelerate = gather speed 속도를 내다, 속도를 올리다

deregulation = relaxation of regulation 규제완화, 규제 해제

decontrol = deregulate 규제를 풀다, 규제를 철폐하다

encourage = boost = promote = incentivize = stimulate 장려하다, 촉진시키다

innovation 혁신, 쇄신

entrepreneurship 기업가 정신,기업가 능력, 기업가 활동

entrepreneur = businessman = enterpriser = industrialist 기업가, 사업가

enterprise = business = company = firm = corporation 기업, 회사, 대규모 사업

revive = invigorate = rev up = reborn = bring to life = revitalize = vitalize 활성화시키다, 활기를 불어 넣다

growth momentum 성장 탄력, 성장추진력, 성장 가속도, 성장 동력

 

 

 

 

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