Self-destructive behavior - [사설 읽기] 자기 파괴적 행동

https://www.koreatimes.co.kr/www/nation/2022/04/761_328268.html

Self-destructive behavior

Allies should thwart North's threat to use nukes
한미 양국은 북한의 핵 사용 위협을 저지해야

 

self-destructive = suicidal 자멸적인, 자살적인, 자살동기를 가진, 자기파괴적인, 자폭기능을 가진

self-destruction 자멸[행위], 자해[행위], 자기파괴

ally 동맹국, (정치적)협력자, ~을 지지하다, 편들다a=

allay = subdue = subside = abate = flag = ebb (특히 감정을)가라앉히다, 누그러뜨리다

alliance = coalition = union = combination 동맹, 연합, 동맹단체, 연합체

thwart = frustrate = stymie = foil = baffle = embarrass 방해하다, 좌절시키다, 당황스럽게하다

embarrassment 어색함, 쑥스러움, 곤란한상황, 난처한상황, 골칫거리, 곤란하게 하는 사람

ambassador 대사

embassy 대사관, 대사관건물

threat = intimidation = blackmail = menace = duress 위협, 협박, 위험, 위협적인 존재

threaten = intimidate = blackmail = menace 위협하다, 협박하다

pose a threat to ~에 위협을 가하다, ~에 위협이 되다

nuke = nuclear weapon 핵무기, 핵무기로 공격하다

 

North Korean leader Kim Jong-un has declared his resolve to ramp up his country's nuclear capabilities and use such weapons for other purposes beyond war deterrence. "Though the basic mission of the nuclear forces is to deter war, we must carry out the second mission if any forces attempt to infringe on the fundamental interests of the state," Kim was quoted as saying by the official Korean Central News Agency (KCNA) Tuesday.
북한 김정은 위원장이 핵 능력을 증강해 전쟁 억지력 뿐만 아니라 다른 용도로도 사용하겠다는 결의를 천명했다. 김 위원장은 "핵전력의 기본 임무는 전쟁을 억제하는 것이지만 어떤 세력이든 국가의 근본 이익을 침해하려 한다면 제2의 임무를 수행해야 한다"고 말한 것으로 관영 조선중앙통신이 화요일자로 보도했다.

 

declare = proclaim = pronounce = announce = inform = notify 선언하다, 공표하다, 알리다

resolve = resolution = determination = decision = decisivemess (굳게)다짐, 결심, 결의, (단호한)결심, 결의, 의지, (문제를)해결하다(=settle)

resolute = steadfast = hardline = determined = decisive = drastic = firm = stern = forceful = assertive = tight = rugged = rock-hard = headstrong = strong-headed = stiff-necked = obstinate = stubborn = pigheaded = die-hard = hard-bitten = hard-headed = hard-shell = rock-ribbed 단호한, 확고한, 완고한

ramp up = enhance = reinforce = borster = strengthen = build up ~늘 늘리다, 증가시키다

capability = ability = caliber = power = capacity = competence 능력, 역량, 기량

war deterrence 전쟁 억지력, 전쟁 억제

deterrence 제지, 저지, 언쟁억제(력)

deter = prevent = restrain 저지하다, 억제하다, 단념시키다

deterrent 제지하는것, 제지력, 억제력, 억제책

deference = honour = honor = respect 존중, 경의(를 표하는 행동)
in deference to 존중을 표하여, 경의를 표하여, 존중으로, 존경심에서

mission= duty = task = assignment = special command 임무

representatives = delegation = deputation = mission = delegacy = contingent 파견단, 사절단, 대표단

mission-critical (조직의)임무수행에 필수적인

though = although ~이긴 하지만, ~일지라도, 그렇지만, 하지만

attempt to ~하려는 시도, ~하려고 시도하다

infringe on = violate on = trespass on = encroach on = intrude on = invade = trample on 침해하다, 침범하다

fundamental = basic = essential 근본적인, 본질적인, 핵심적인, 필수적인, 기본원칙, 핵심

be quoted (in a press release) as saying by ~에 의해 ~라 만한것으로 전해진다

quote 인용하다, (남의말을 그대로) 전달하다, 옮기다, (뒷받침할 예를)들다 (=cite)

 

Kim made the statement during a huge military parade to mark the 90th founding anniversary of the Korean People's Revolutionary Army (KPRA) Monday night. The event showcased tanks, ammunitions, submarine-launched ballistic missiles (SLBMs) and intercontinental ballistic missiles (ICBMs), in the North's apparent bid to beef up its internal solidarity and flex its military muscle to the outside world.
김 위원장의 이 같은 발언은 21일 밤 조선인민혁명군(KPRA) 창설 90주년을 맞아 열린 대규모 열병식에서 나왔다. 이 행사는 탱크, 탄약, 잠수함발사탄도미사일(SLBM), 대륙간탄도미사일(ICBM) 등을 전시해 북한이 내부 결속을 강화하고 외부에 군사력을 과시하려는 의도로 보인다.

 

make a statement 성명하다, 진술하다, 단언하다, 발언하다

military parade 군대열병식

mark an anniversary 기념일을 기념하다, 기념일을 축하하다

mark = celebrate = commemorate 축하하다, 기념하다

founding anniversary 창립기념식, 창설 기념식

revolutionary 혁명의, 혁명적인, 획기적인, 혁명가

revolution 혁명, 변혁, 공전

showcase 선보이다, 장식하다, 공개하다, 공개행사하다

ammunition 탄약, (언쟁에서 무기가 될수 있는)정보

submarine-launched 잠수함에서 발사되는

ballistic missiles 탄도미사일

intercontinental ballistic missiles 대륙간 탄도 미사일

in a bid to ~하기위한 노력의 일환으로, ~하기위해, ~의 의도로, ~를 겨냥하여

in an apparent bid to 분명한 의도로, 분명히 ~하기 위해서

apparent = obvious 분명한, 누가봐도 알수 있는, ~로 여겨지는, ~인것처럼 보이는

beef up = enhance = reinforce = borster = strengthen = build up 강화시키다, ~늘 늘리다, 증가시키다

internal solidarity 내부결속, 내부연대

internal cohesion 내부결속, 내부화합

cohesive 화합하는, 결합하는

coherene 일관성

coherent 일관성 있는, 논리정연한, 조리있게 말하는

flex = boast = flaunt = show off = brag = tout 자랑하다, 뽐내다, 으스대다

military muscle = military power = military strength = military might = military force 군사력

power = strength = might = force 권력, 힘, 에너지,위력

to the outside world 외부세계에

 

Worse still, Kim's remarks indicated the possible "first use" of nuclear weapons in a major shift of the North's military tactics, posing a threat that could heighten tension on the Korean Peninsula. They are in stark contrast to his expression of hopes for better ties with the South in a letter he sent to President Moon Jae-in last Thursday. Kim should realize that his threat of using nuclear arms is nothing but self-destructive behavior.
설상가상으로 김 위원장의 발언은 북한의 군사적 전술의 전환의 일부로 핵무기의 '선제 사용' 가능성을 시사한 것으로 보여 한반도의 긴장을 고조시킬 수 있는 위협이 되고 있다. 이는, 김 위원장이 지난 목요일 문재인 대통령에게 보낸 서한에서 남북 관계 개선에 대한 희망을 표명한 것과는 극명한 대조를 이룬다. 김 위원장은 핵무기 사용 위협이 자멸적인 행동에 불과하다는 것을 깨달아야 한다.

 

worse still = to make matters worse = what's more worrisome = what is worse 설상가상으로, 더 우려스러운것은

misfortunes never come singly 설상가상, 불행은 혼자 오지 않는다

indicate = present = show = display = point out 가리키다, 나타내다, 주목하다

first use (적보다 먼저 어떤 무기를) 선제사용

first aid 응급처치

first-hand 직접얻는, 경험한

second-hand 중고의, 전해들은, 간접적인, 얻어들은

first-class = first-rate = top 최고의, 일류의, 제1의

shift 전환, 변화, 이동

military tactics 군사적 전술

tactics = strategy = maneuver = operation = action = move = drive = playbook 책략, 전략, 술책, 공작

art of war 전술, 병법

pose a threat to ~에 위협을 가하다, ~에 위협이 되다

heighten = intensify = escalate = raise = mount = build up = aggravate = precipitate 고조시키다, 격앙시키다

Korean Peninsula 한반도stark 삭막한, 황량한, 냉혹한, 엄연한, (차이가)극명한, 완전한, 순전한a stark choice 냉혹한 선택a stark difference 극명한 차이in stark contrast to ~와 극명한 차이로, ~와 극명한 대조로, ~와 현저한 차이로, ~와 아주 대조적으로ties = bonding = relationship = fellowship 유대관계

nuclear arms = nuke = nuclear weapon = nuclear arsenal 핵무기

nothing but 오직, 단지 ~일뿐

none other than 다름아닌 바로 ~인

self-destructive = suicidal 자멸적인, 자살적인, 자살동기를 가진, 자기파괴적인, 자폭기능을 가진

 

North Korea has been escalating its nuclear threats since the 8th Congress of the Workers' Party held in January 2021, during which Kim ordered the buildup of the nuclear arsenal including short-range and tactical nuclear missiles. Kim vowed to continue fully upgrading the nuclear arsenal at a fast speed, indicating the possibility of launching another ICBM and even a seventh nuclear test. Kim's remark came apparently in response to President-elect Yoon Suk-yeol's reference to "preemptive attacks." Russia's threat of using nuclear weapons in its war with Ukraine seems to have also emboldened Kim to flaunt his nuclear arsenal.
북한은 지난 2021년 1월 열린 제8차 노동당 대회 이후 핵 위협을 고조시키고 있는데, 이 때 김 위원장은 단거리 및 전술핵미사일을 포함한 핵무기 증강을 지시했다. 김 위원장은 빠른 속도로 핵무기를 계속 완전 고도화하겠다고 공언해 ICBM 추가 발사와 7차 핵실험 가능성까지 내비쳤다. 김 위원장의 이 같은 발언은 윤석열 대통령 당선인이 선제 공격을 언급한 데 따른 것으로 보인다. 러시아가 우크라이나와의 전쟁에서 핵무기를 사용하겠다고 위협한 것도 김 위원장이 핵무기를 과시하도록 자극한 것으로 보인다.

 

escalate = heighten = intensify = raise = mount = build up = aggravate = precipitate 고조시키다, 격앙시키다

build-up (어느정도 기간에 걸친)증가, (~에 대한) 준비기간, (향후 있을 일에 대한)선전, 광고

nuclear arsenal = nuclear arms = nuke = nuclear weapon  핵무기

short-range nuclear missiles 단거리 미사일

tactical nuclear missiles 전술핵무기

vow = pledge = swear = promise 맹세하다, 약속하다

upgrade 개선하다, 승진시키다, 승급시키다, 상위등급으로 높여주다

downgrade 격하시키다, 떨어뜨리다, 훼손시키다

at a fast speed[pace] 빠른 속도로

possibility = potential = probabillity = chance = likelihood = prospect = odds 가능성, 공산

nuclear test 핵실험

apparently = seemingly = outwardly = on the surface = judging from appearances = ex facie 보아하니, 겉보기에는, 외견상으로는

in response to ~에 대한 회신으로, ~에 응하여, ~에 부응하여

reference = remark = utterance = mention = comment = statement 발언, 말하기

preemptive attacks 선제공격

preemptively 선제적으로, 예방적으로, 우선적으로

embolden 대담하게 만들다, (글자를)볼드체로 인쇄하다

flaunt = flex = boast = show off = brag = tout 자랑하다, 뽐내다, 으스대다

 

In a timely and proper manner Tuesday, Yoon's transition committee pledged to beef up South Korea's alliance with the United States and tackle the North's threats by using the "three-axis system" consisting of air missile defense, preemptive strike and massive retaliation plans. It also vowed to develop state-of-the-art military technologies and an advanced weapons system.
때 맞춰 윤 당선인의 인수위는 어제 조속한 시일 내에 한미 동맹을 강화하고 미사일방어(MD), 선제 타격, 대규모 보복 조치로 구성된 3축 체계를 가동해 북한의 위협에 대처하겠다고 밝혔다. 또 첨단 군사 기술과 첨단 무기 체계를 개발하겠다고 다짐했다.

 

in a timely and proper manner 적시 적절하게, 시기적절하게

pledge = vow = swear = promise 맹세하다, 약속하다

beef up = enhance = reinforce = borster = strengthen = build up 강화시키다, ~늘 늘리다, 증가시키다

alliance = coalition = union = combination 동맹, 연합, 동맹단체, 연합체

tackle = cope with = deal with = handle = manage = treat 해결하다, 다루다, 대처하다, 맞서다

three-axis 3축, 3축의

three-dimensional 3차원의, 입체적인

consist of = be composed of = be made up of = be comprised of ~로 구성되어 있다, ~로조직되어 있다

air missile defense 공중 미사일 방어

preemptive strikes [attacks] 선제공격

retaliation = reprisal = revenge 보복, 앙갚음

retalitate = take revenge on = avenge = revenge = get back at 복수하다, 보복하다

state-of-the-art = advanced = ultra-modern = futuristic = the latest = the newest = new = up-to-date = avant-garde = up-to-the-minute = up-to-the-second 최신식의, 최신의, 첨단의military technology 군사기술

 

The United States also said the North's nuclear and missile programs were a serious threat to regional and international security. "We will focus on reducing the threat to the U.S. and our allies, as well as improving the lives of the North and South Korean people," Marty Meiners, a Pentagon spokesman, said in a statement.
미국 또한 북한의 핵과 미사일 프로그램이 지역 및 국제 안보에 심각한 위협이라고 전했다. 마티 마이너 미 국방부 대변인은 성명을 통해 "미국과 동맹국에 대한 위협을 줄이는 것은 물론 북한과 남한 국민의 삶을 개선하는 데 주력할 것"이라고 밝혔다.

 

regional security 지역안보

international security 국제안보

focus on = concentrate on = center on = be absorbed in = be engrossed in = devote to = dedicate to ~에 집중하다, ~에 초점을 맞추다

 

It is high time for South Korea and the U.S. to cement their alliance to cope effectively with the growing threats from North Korea. We hope President-elect Yoon and U.S. President Joe Biden will reconfirm the bilateral alliance and strengthen it further during their summit scheduled for next month. The two allies should double down on enhancing deterrence against the North.
한국과 미국이 북한의 위협에 효과적으로 대처하기 위해 동맹을 강화할 시점이다. 우리는 윤 당선인과 조 바이든 미국 대통령이 다음 달로 예정된 한미 정상회담에서 한미 동맹을 재확인하고 더욱 강화하기를 바란다. 두 동맹국은 대북 억지력 강화를 위해 배전의 노력을 기울일 때다.

high time 마침 좋은 때, 무르익은 때, 벌써 ~할 시간, 호기, 기회
it is high time for ~해야할 때이다

time = juncture = occasion = period = moment 시기, 때, 시점, 단계

cement = consolidate = strengthen = solidify = reinforce = harden 굳히다, 확고히하다, 강화시키다

cope with = tackle = deal with = handle = manage = treat 해결하다, 다루다, 대처하다, 맞서다

reconfirm = reaffirm 재확인하다

bilateral = mutual = reciprocal = both 양쪽의, 쌍방의, 상호적인

trilateral 3자의 3개국간의

multilateral 다자간의unilateral = one-sided = lopsided 일방적인, 단독의summit = talks = meeting = conference 회담, 회의, 미팅scheduled = slated = due = planned 예정된, 계획된double down on ~에 대한 노력을 배가하다, 더 단호히 밀어 부치다

enhance = beef up = ramp up = cement = consolidate = strengthen = solidify = reinforce = harden 강화하다, 굳히다, 확고히하다, 강화시키다

deterrence 제지, 저지, 언쟁억제(력)

deter = prevent = restrain 저지하다, 억제하다, 단념시키다

deterrent 제지하는것, 제지력, 억제력, 억제책

 

 

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