Stone lions at Hwaeom Temple - 화엄사 돌사자상

https://www.koreatimes.co.kr/www/nation/2023/05/745_351189.html

[CULTURE] Stone lions at Hwaeom Temple

 

It's not every day that you're in awe of a building or even a stone structure, but it's not every day that you visit Hwaeom Temple.
건물이나 석조물에 경외감을 느낄 일이 날마다 있지 않듯이 화엄사에도 매일 갈 수 있는 것이 아니다.

 

stone lion 돌사자, 돌사자상

stone structure 석조 구조물

it is not every day that ~이 흔한 일은 아니다, ~이 매일 있는 일은 아니다

be in awe of = stand in awe of ~에 대해 경외심을 갖다, ~을 경외하다

awe = wonder = marvel 경이감, 경이로움, 경탄, 경이로운 것, 경이로운 결과

awesome = wonderful = marvelous = phenomenal = extraordinary = world-shaking = astounding 경탄할만한, 어마어마한, 엄청난

awful = god-awful = terrible = nasty = foul = disgusting = horrible = offensive = gruesome = dreadful = appalling = horrendous = horrific = horrifying = terrifying = lousy 끔찍한, 지독한, 되게, 굉장히, 엄청

 

From the Iljumun at the entrance to the three-story stone pagoda up the hillside, and all of the Treasures and National Treasures in between, there is something to amaze the senses at every turn. Hwaeom is home to an impressive four of the latter and seven of the former.
입구에 위치한 일주문부터 산비탈을 오르는 삼층석탑, 이 둘 사이에 있는 모든 보물과 국보까지 화엄사 곳곳에는 우리의 오감을 자극하는 것들이 있다. 화엄사는 인상 깊은 국보 4개와 보물 7개를 품고 있다.

 

at the entrance 입구에서

three-story pagoda 삼층탑

up the hillside 산비탈을 오르는

national treasure 국보, 국가의 보물

treasure 보물, 보물같은 것, 대단히 귀중한 것, 대단히 귀하게 여기다

in between 중간에, ~가는 길에, 사이에 끼여, 틈에

amaze the senses 감각을 놀라게 하다, 오감을 자극하다

the senses = the five senses = the five wits 오감, 다섯가지 감각

sensuous 오감을 만족시키는, 감각을 만족시키는, (심미적으로)감각적인, 육감적인, 관능적인

at every turn (무엇을 시도할 때) 언제나, 어디에서나

the former and the latter 전자와 후자

 

The temple is located in scenic Gurye, South Jeolla Province, in the southwestern section of Jirisan National Park. Hwaeom means "Flower Garland" in English, and the name of the temple is in reference to the Flower Garland Sutra, known as the "Hwaeom-gyeong" in Korean.
화엄사는 경치가 아름다운 전라남도 구례군 지리산 국립공원 남서쪽에 있는 사찰이다. 화엄은 영어로 "화환"을 의미하며, 사찰명은 불교경전 중 하나인 ‘화엄경'에서 따온 것이다.

 

be located in = be situated in = be nestled in = be perched in = be stationed in = be positioned in = stand = lie = be seated in ~에 위치해 있다, ~에 자리잡고 있다, ~에 놓여 있다

scenic = spectacular = breathtaking = dazzling = brilliant = striking = stunning = beautiful = wonderful = awesome = marvelous 경치가 좋은,  (연극에서) 무대 장치의

scenery = landscape = view = scene = spectacle 경치, 풍경, (무대의)배경, 무대 장치

national park 국립 공원

garland = wreath = lei 화환, 화관, 화환을 씌우다, 화관을 씌우다

laurel wreath 월계관, 월계수 화환

in reference to ~에 관하여, ~을 참조하여

flower garland sutra 화엄 사상, 불교경전

 

The temple was first founded in 544 A.D. by the monk Yeongi-josa, who's believed to have come from India. The temple was later expanded in 643 A.D. by the famed monk Jajang-yulsa (590-648). Most of the temple's renowned stone artifacts date back to this time period and up to the ninth century.
화엄사는 서기 544년 인도에서 온 것으로 알려진 승려 연기가 창건한 사찰이다. 이후 서기 643년 자장법사(590~648)가 크게 확장했다. 사원 내 유명한 석조 유물의 대부분은 이 시기부터 9세기 사이에 만들어진 것이다.

 

be first founded in ~에 처음으로 설립되다, ~에 처음으로 창건되다

be believed to = be considered to = be deemed to = be regarded to = constitute = be reckoned to = be counted to = be hailed as ~하는 것으로 여겨지다

famed = famous = renowned = noted = establisehd = illustrious = reputed = well-known = celebrated = eminent = prominent = distinguished = outstanding 유명한, 인정받는, 잘 알려진, 저명한, 걸출한

notorious = infamous = ill-famed 악명높은, 악평높은

artifact = artefact = relics = legacy = remains = antiquity = traces = vestiges = marks = evidence = signs = survival = hangover = leftover = heritage = exuviae 유물, 유산, (옛)흔적, 유적

date back to ~까지 거슬러 올라가다

 

Throughout the years, Hwaeom Temple has undergone numerous renovations and rebuilds. However, in 1593, most of the temple shrine halls were completely destroyed by fire during the 1592-98 Imjin War. After the war, and from 1630 to 1636, Hwaeom Temple was rebuilt.
지금까지 화엄사는 수많은 개조 및 재건을 거쳤다. 그러나 1593년 임진왜란(1592~1598) 동안 화엄사 사찰 대부분이 불에 타 소실되었다. 임진왜란 후 1630년~1636년 동안 재건되었다.

 

undergo = go through = experience = suffer = meet with = be affllicted with = come through 겪다, 경험하다, 지나오다

numerous = many = a majority of = various = varied = a variety of = a host of = a heck of = a legion of = multifarious = variegated = a lot of = a great number of = a large number of = manifold = miscellaneous 많은, 다양한, 다수의

renovate = rebuild = revamp = do out = reform = remodel = redo = bring up to date = reconstruct = repair = do up = mend 개조하다, 쇄신하다, 리모델링하다, 수리하다, 개보수하다, 재건하다

shrine 성지, 성지와 같은곳

altar 재단

be completely destroyed by = be ravaged by = be hit hard by = be wrecked havoc on = be reduced to rubble by = be completely devastated by = be crumbled into dust by ~에 의해 완전히 파괴되다, 완전히 황폐화가 되다

 

Then by 1701, during the long reign of King Sukjong of Joseon (r. 1674-1720), the reconstruction of Hwaeom Temple was completed which included most of the temple shrine halls we see today.
그 후 1701년 조선 숙종(재위 1674-1720)의 긴 통치 기간 동안 오늘날 우리가 볼 수 있는 대부분의 사찰을 포함한 화엄사 중건이 완성되었다.

 

reign = rule = govern = dominate = manange = handle = lead = control (왕의) 통치 기간, 치세, 책임을 맡는 시간, 책임을 담당하는 기간, 다스리다, 군림하다

realm = kingdom = domain = territory = area = field = sphere 영역, 범위, 왕국

reconstruction = rebuilding = renovation = revamping = remodeling = reformation 재건축, 개보수, 수리, 개선

 

Of this large collection of beautiful historic stone monuments and architectural marvels, there are three in particular that stand out in my mind. The first of these is the lion pagoda at Wontong-jeon Hall. This uniquely designed pagoda, which is Treasure No. 300, is believed to have first been built around the ninth century ― but the exact date is unknown.
이 아름다운 역사적 석조 기념물과 경이로운 건축물의 대규모 조합 중 특히 눈에 띄는 세 가지가 있다. 그 중 첫 번째가 바로 원통전 사자탑이다. 이 독특한 구조의 탑은 보물 제300호로 9세기경 처음 건립된 것으로 추정되지만 정확한 연대는 알 수 없다.

 

collection = amalgamation = aggregation = set = riot = assemblage = array = panoply 집합체, 모음집, 연합체

stone monument 석조 기념물, 석조 건축물

architectural marvel = architectural wonder = awe of architecture 건축학적 경의로움, 건축학적 경외심

stand out in my mind 기억에 가장 남다, 가장 인상적으로 남다

lion pagoda 사자탑

unique = sui generis = one-of-a-kind = particular = peculiar = special = exceptional = distinctive = unusual = quirky = weird = stange = eerie = uncanny = extraordinary 독특한, 특이한, 이상한, 괴이한, 특출난, 비범한

be believed to = be considered to = be deemed to = be regarded to = constitute = be reckoned to = be counted to = be hailed as ~하는 것으로 여겨지다

exact date 정확한 연대, 정확한 날짜, 정확한 일자

unknown = hidden = secret = unidentified = uncharted = unexplored = undiscovered = unrevealed = undisclosed 알려지지 않은, 유명하지 않은, 이름없는, 무명의

incognito = in disguise 자기 신분을 숨기고, 가명으로, 익명으로, 변장하고

terra incognito = unexplored territory = unknown land 미지의 땅, 미지의 세계

 

This pagoda is typically called "noju," which means "stone pillar" in English. The reason for this dual name is that the exact purpose of the stone structure isn't exactly known.
이 탑은 일반적으로 "노주"라고 불리는데 영어로 ‘돌기둥'을 의미한다. 이중적 명칭의 이유는 석조 구조물의 무엇으로 사용되었는지 정확히 알려지지 않았기 때문이다.

 

pagoda (아시아 국가 사찰의) 탑

typically = quintessentially = as a rule = generally = usually = representatively = emblematically = archetypally = symbolically 전형적으로

stone pillar 돌기둥

exactly = definitely = precisely = concretely = accurately = evidently = manifestly = patently = clearly = obviously = transparently = plainly 분명하게, 명확하게, 확실하게

 

 

 

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