Shaky 'reactor alliance' - [사설 읽기] 흔들리는 '원자력 동맹’

https://www.koreatimes.co.kr/www/nation/2022/10/742_338887.html?utm_source=CU 

Shaky 'reactor alliance'

 

Korea may face row with US over Polish projects
한국, 폴란드 프로젝트를 두고 미국과 마찰 빚을 수 있어

 

shaky = unstable = unsteady = uncertain = unsettled = rickety = ramshackle = faltering = hobbling = limping = wobbling = shaking = tottering = staggering = teetering = reeling 불안정한, 불안한, 휘청거리는

reactor = nuclear reactor 원자로

small modular reactor (SMR) 소형 모듈 원자로

alliance = partnership = association = cooperation = leaque = confederation = union = federation 동맹, 협력, 연맹

row = strife = conflict = collision = feud = confrontation = bickering = squabble = quarrel = altercation = wrangling = spat 싸움, 논쟁, 대립, 말다툼, 옥신각신, 실랑이 

 

Westinghouse Electric Company has filed a suit against Korea Hydro & Nuclear Power (KHNP) and Korea Electric Power Corp. (KEPCO), hindering their plans to export nuclear reactors to Poland. In the lawsuit filed with the U.S. District Court for the District of Columbia, the U.S. firm claims Korea's APR 1400 reactors incorporate the design of the System 80 reactor of Combustion Engineering, which Westinghouse acquired in 2000.
웨스팅하우스 일렉트릭사가 한국수력원자력과 한국전력의 폴란드 원전 수출 계획을 방해하려는 의도로 소송을 제기했다. 미국 컬럼비아 특별구 지방 법원에 제기된 소송에서 웨스팅하우스는 한국의 APR 1400 원자로가 웨스팅 하우스가 2000 년에 인수한 연소 공학 시스템 80 원자로의 설계를 포함하고 있다고 주장한다.

 

file a suit against = file a lawsuit against = sue for = institute a lawsuit = go to law = take legal proceedings against = take a legal action against ~에 소송을 걸다, 소송을 제기하다

hinder = impede = hamper = interrupt = stymie = obstruct = get[be] in the way = block = restrict 방해하다, 제한하다

export to ~로 수출하다

import from ~로 부터 수입하다

claim = insist = assure = affirm = assert = contend = argue = declare = aver 주장하다, 단언하다, 장담하다

incoporate (일부로)포함하다, (법인체를)설립하다, 창립하다

combustion engineering 연소 공학

internal combustion engine 내연기관

acquire = procure = attain = buy out = gain = obtain = get = secure = take = win 인수하다, 획득하다, 매수하다

 

For this, it asserts that the state-run Korean enterprises must seek approval from it and the U.S. Department of Energy if they want to export the reactors, claiming the technology used for the APR 1400 is subject to the U.S. Code of Federal Regulations. The U.S. firm has been competing with the KHNP and KEPCO to receive orders from Poland for the construction of six pressurized water reactors. France's EDF later joined the bidding race in October.
APR 1400에 사용된 기술이 미국 연방 규정의 적용을 받는다고 주장하면서 한국국영기업들이 원자로를 수출하려면 웨스팅하우스사와 미국 에너지 부의 승인을 받아야 한다고 주장했다. 이 회사는 폴란드로부터 가압경수로 6기를 수주하기 위해 한수원, 한전과 경쟁해 왔다. 프랑스의 EDF는 나중인 10월에 입찰 경쟁에 합류했다.

 

state-run = government-run = state-operated[own] = government-operated[own] 국영의

enterprise = business = company = corporation = firm = venture 기업, 사업, 회사

private enterprise 사기업, 민영기업

free enterprise 자유 기업 체제

seek approval = ask for approval 승인을 구하다, 승인을 요청하다

be subject to ~의 영향 아래에 있다, ~의 대상이다, ~의 지배를 받다

code 규약, 관례, 컴퓨터 기호 체계, 성격, 성향

U.S. code of Federal Regulations 미국 연방 규정 규약

compete with = vie with = contend with = have a game with = fight with ~와 겨루다, ~와 경쟁하다, ~와 다투다

receive orders 주문을 받다, 수주를 받다

pressurize 압박감을 주다, 압력을 가하다, (내부 압력을)여압 상태로 유지하다

pressurized 기밀 구조의, 가압된

pressurized water reactor 가압수형 원자로

bidding race 입찰경쟁

 

Westinghouse has called on the court to strictly apply U.S. law restricting the inflow of certain reactor technologies to other nations. It also opposes possible funneling of the technologies to other countries seeking to import Korea reactors. This stokes concerns here. For starters, should the U.S. court rule in favor of Westinghouse, the Korean firms will suffer a setback in their bid to export their reactors, worth 40 trillion won ($28 billion).
웨스팅하우스는 법원에 특정 원자로 기술의 다른 국가로의 유입을 제한하는 미국 법을 엄격히 적용할 것을 요구했다. 또 한국형 원자로를 수입하려는 다른 나라에 기술을 이전하는 것도 반대하고 있다. 이러한 움직임이 우려를 불러일으킨다. 우선, 미국 법원이 웨스팅하우스의 손을 들어준다면 한국 기업들은 40조원 규모의 원자로 수출에 차질을 빚을 것이다.

 

call on = call for = demand = request = require = seek = urge = exhort 요청하다, 요구하다, 청하다, 촉구하다

strictly = thoroughly = carefully = scrupulously = sternly = rigidly = rigorously = severely = closely 엄격히, 철저히, 엄격하게, 면밀히, 면밀하게

apply law 법을 적용하다

restrict = curb = prevent = restrain = constrain = foil = check = rein in = keep under control = control 제한하다, 억제하다, 저지하다, 막다

inflow = influx (돈·사람·물건)유입

outflow = outflux (돈·액체·사람들 등이) 유출, 새어나감, 빠져나감

capital outflow 자본유출

brain drain = an outflow of brain 두뇌유출 (우수한 학자·기술자 등이 국외로 이주하는 일)

capital flight (외국으로의) 자금 도피

flight capital = refugee capital 도피자본

oppose = dissent = make an objection = protest = object = go against = deprecate = lean against = disapprove of 반대하다

funnel 깔때기, 굴뚝, (깔때기 같은 좁은 공간을)이동하다, 이동시키다

stoke concerns = raise concerns = arouse concerns = lead to concerns 우려를 불러일으키다

for starters = above all = first of all = firstly = above all things = before everything else 우선, 첫째로

in favor of = amicable to = favorable to = in advocacy for ~을 지지하여, ~의 이익이 되도록, ~에 우호적인

suffer a setback = face a setback 차질을 겪다, 지장을 받다

setback = trouble = hardship = predicament = quandry = plight = odds = adversity = difficulty = difficult situation = glitch = snag = hitch = bane 자질, 어려움, 역경

bid 시도, 입찰, 유치, 호가, 가격제시, 응찰, 입찰에 응하다, 값을 부르다, 제의하다

 

This will also adversely affect the envisaged exports of reactors to Saudi Arabia and the Czech Republic. The Polish government is set to choose a contractor by year-end. The Czech Republic is seeking to construct one nuclear reactor by 2036 and select a preferred bidder by 2024.
이는 사우디아라비아와 체코에 대한 원자로 수출에도 악영향을 미칠 것이다. 폴란드 정부는 연말까지 계약자를 선정할 예정이다. 체코는 2036년까지 원자로 1기를 건설하고 2024년까지 우선협상대상자를 선정하는 방안을 추진하고 있다.

 

adversely = unfavorably = negatively = disadvantageously 불리하게, 반대로

adverse = unfavorable = disadvantageous 부정적인, 불리한

adversity = odds = plight = quandry = predicament 역경, 고난

advocate 지지하다, 옹호하다, 지지자, 옹호자

advocacy 지지, 옹호, 변호

advisory 자문의, 고문의, (날씨)경보, 주의보

envisioned = envisaged 구상중인, 계획중인, 상상중인, 기획중인

be set to = be expected to = be supposed to = be going to = plan to = be meant to = be due to = be scheduled to = be slated to ~할 예정이다, ~하기로 되어있다

contractor 계약자, 도급업자

by year-end 연말 까지, 연말 쯤

seek = find = pursue = search = push ahead = chase = run after 구하다, 찾다, 추구하다

construct = install = establish = build = erect = put up = set up 건설하다, 세우다, 짓다

select = choose = pick out = single out = opt = make a choice = make a selection 선택하다, 고르다

preferred bidder 우선 입찰자, 우선협상대상자

preferred 선취권이 있는, 우선권이 있는, 우선의, 발탁된, 승진한

 

The recent suit will likely cause a fresh trade dispute between South Korea and the United States, after the U.S. legislated the Inflation Reduction Act calling for the exclusion of Korean-made electric vehicles and other EVs assembled outside of North America from tax incentives.
최근의 소송은 미국이 한국산 전기 자동차와 북미 이외의 지역에서 조립된 다른 전기 자동차들을 세제 혜택에서 제외하도록 하는 인플레이션 감소법을 제정한 이후 한국과 미국간의 새로운 무역 분쟁을 야기할 것으로 보인다.

 

likely = probably = possibly = maybe = perhaps 아마, 아마도

fresh = novel = new = maiden 새로운, 최초의

trade dispute 무역 분쟁

dispute = argument = controversy = confrontation = frinction = conflict = collision = discord = disharmony = feud = strife 분쟁, 논쟁, 충돌, 대립

legislate = legalize = enact a law = establish a law = enshrine in law 법제화하다, 합법화하다, 법을 제정하다

Inflation Reduction Act (IRA) 인플레이션 감소법

call for = call on = demand = request = require = seek = urge = exhort 요청하다, 요구하다, 청하다, 촉구하다

exclusion 제외, 배제, 차단, 제외되는 것, (가능성에 대한)배제, 제외

electric vehicle 전기차

assemble = put together = piece together = join together 조립하다, 모이다, 모으다, 집결시키다

tax incentives = tax benefits 세금 혜택

tax credit = tax deduction 세액 공제, 자녀 양육 보조금, 저소득층 보조금

stimulus 촉진제, 지원금

stimulus check = stimmy = relief package = energency reilef grant 재난 지원금

 

President Yoon Suk-yeol and U.S. President Joe Biden agreed to strengthen cooperation to jointly advance into overseas nuclear reactor markets in their summit meeting in May. Yet, the "nuclear reactor alliance" is facing hurdles due to Westinghouse's self-centered trade policy. This could deal a blow to the Yoon administration's push to export 10 nuclear reactors by 2030.
윤석열 대통령과 조 바이든 미국 대통령은 5월 정상회담에서 해외 원전시장 공동 진출을 위한 협력을 강화하기로 했다. 그러나 웨스팅 하우스의 자기 중심적 무역 정책으로 인해 "핵 원자로 동맹"이 장애물에 직면 해있다. 이는 현 정부가 2030년까지 원자로 10기를 수출하려는 목표에도 타격을 줄 수 있다.

 

agree to [with] = make an agreement = reach an agreement = concent to = assent to = concur with =  approve 동의하다, 협의하다, 합의하다

strengthen = enforce = beef up = reinforce = fortify = solidify = consolidate = ramp up = increase = step up = tighten 강화하다, 굳건히하다, 단단히하다

cooperation = partnership = alliance = collaboration = association = league 협력, 연맹, 협동, 동맹

advance = go forward = push ahead = proceed = propel = promote = drive = move forward = make an inroad into = make a foray into = muscle into = cash in on 나아가다, 진행하다, 진출하다, 진입하다

reactor = nuclear reactor 원자로

hurdle = obstacle = obstruction = disturbance = hindrance = impediment = trouble = problem = stumbling block = roadblock = encumbrance = setback = interruption = barrier 방해, 장애, 걸림돌, 방해물, 장애플, 장벽

self-centre = self-centered = selfish = egoistic = self-interested = self-seeking 자기중심적인, 자기본위의

selfless = unselfish = disinterested = altruistic 이타적인, 사심없는

deal a blow = hit hard = punch = bash up = bash down = wreak havoc with 강타하다, 큰 충격을 주다, 두들겨 패다, 피해를 초래하다

push = plan = drive = pursuit = movement = scheme = project = planning = blueprint = moonshot = goal = objective = aspiration = ambition = hopes 계획, 목표, 열망, 야심

 

The prospects of the Korean firms' bidding for the projects in Poland are mixed, regardless of how the U.S. court decides. The KHNP and Poland's energy firm ZEPAK are scheduled to sign a letter of intent (LOI) Oct. 31 to cooperate for a construction project in Patnow, central Poland. Yet, in a separate move, Polish Deputy Prime Minister Jacek Sasin met with U.S. Secretary of Energy Jennifer Granholm on Monday. "We are close to making a decision to choose a partner in the Polish nuclear power project," Sasi said after the meeting.
미국 법원이 어떤 결정을 내리든 한국 기업들의 폴란드 프로젝트 입찰에 관한 전망은 엇갈린다. 한수원과 폴란드 에너지기업 제팍(ZEPAK)은 오는 10월 31일 폴란드 중부 파트노우에서 건설사업을 위한 협력의향서(LOI)를 체결할 예정이다. 그러나 이와는 별도로 자섹 사신 폴란드 부총리는 월요일 제니퍼 그랜홀름 미국 에너지장관을 만났다. 사시 장관은 회의 후 "폴란드 원전 프로젝트에서 파트너를 선택하는 결정을 내리기 직전"이라고 말했다.

 

prospect = possibility = potential 가능성, 전망

bidding = tendering  (경매의)가격제시, 호가, 응찰, 비드하기

auction = put up for auction = go under the hammer = com under the hammer = be sold by auction = be auctioned off 경매, 경매로 팔다

mixed (좋고 나쁜것이)뒤섞인, (의견 생각등이)엇갈리는, (인종/문화등)혼합된, (같은 물건의)여러 종류를 섞은

regardless of = irrespective of ~와 상관없이

be scheduled to = be set to = be expected to = be supposed to = be going to = plan to = be meant to = be due to = be slated to ~할 예정이다, ~하기로 되어있다

letter of intent (LOI) 동의서, 가계약서, 의향서

separate = discrete = distinct = different 별개의, 별도의

on the sideline of ~와는 별도로

be close to = be about to = be ready to ~에 가까워지다, ~에 육박하다, ~에 근접하다

be on the verge of = be on the brink of = be on the point of = be on the cusp of ~하기 직전에 있다, ~하려는 문턱에 있다

 

Market watchers say the Polish government appears eager to choose Westinghouse for state-initiated projects given the need to improve ties with the U.S. while considering the KHNP for private projects. The KHNP said it will exert maximum efforts to respond appropriately to the recent developments. It is time for the government and the state-run companies to double down on winning the projects while minimizing the dispute with the U.S.
시장에서는 폴란드 정부가 민간사업을 위해 한수원을 고려하면서도 미국과의 관계 개선이 필요하다는 점에서 국책사업에 웨스팅하우스를 선택하는 데 열을 올리는 것으로 보고 있다. 한수원은 최근의 사태에 대해 적절하게 대응하기 위해 최대한의 노력을 기울일 것이라고 밝혔다. 정부와 공기업이 미국과의 분쟁을 최소화하면서 사업 수주를 위해 배전의 노력을 강구해야 한다.

 

eager = anxious = solicitous = dying = impatient = keen = attentive 간절히 원하는, 염원하는

crave = long for = be eager for = have a craving = yearn for ~을 간절히 바라다, ~을 갈망하다
state-initiated project 국책사업

private project 민간사업

given that = considering that = inasmuch as ~을 고려하면, ~인점을 고려해볼 때

improve ties with ~와의 관계를 개선핟

exert maximum efforts = do one's best = make strenuous efforts = make strenuous endeavor = exert oneself to the utmost = do everything in one's power 분골쇄신하다, 쵀대한 노력하다, 기를 쓰다

a maximum of = at most = at the very most = at the highest estimate = up to the hilt = for all it is worth 최대한, 최대한으로

a minimum of = at least = at the very least = at the lowest estimate 최소한, 최소한으로

maximize 극대화 하다, 최대로 활용하다

minimize 최소화 하다, 축소하다

optimize 최적화하다, 최대한 좋게 만들다, 최대한 잘 활용하다

make the utmost use of = make the most of = make the best of 최대한 활용하다

appropriately = seemly = properly = appositely = rightly = suitably = adequately = reasonably = moderately 적절하게, 적합하게

development = course 전개, 사건의 발달, 추이

double down on ~에 대한 노력(시간/돈)의 투입을 배가하다, ~을 더 단호/완강히 밀어 부치다

win the projects 사업 수주를 따다

win orders 수주를 받다, 수주를 따다

 

 

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